Joshua Reeder

Determination of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen content of an organic sample. CHNS analysis (”LECO analysis”) is performed using a flash combustion method, where the sample is combusted under 25 kPa of O2 at an elevated temperature (1,000 °C), followed by gas chromatography separation and detection using a thermal conductivity detector. Oxygen is analyzed by reduction on granulated carbon at 1480 °C, utilizing high-temperature thermal decomposition and conversion of oxygen into carbon monoxide before gas chromatography separation and detection with a thermal conductivity detector. The sample can be either solid or liquid, but water in the sample affects the results. In the case of aqueous samples, it is possible to dry the sample before analysis. The displayed price includes the full CHNOS package with two parallel measurements and applies to conventional organic samples. The results are reported as wt-% of the initial sample. The addition of ash, drying, and dry loss measurements will increase the minimum required sample material to 300 mg. The analysis gives the total carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, and oxygen content of the material, but it does not identify any chemical structures. The measurement can be combined with other methods, such as GC-MS, 1H, and 13C NMR, to perform substance structure identification. Analysis can be split into the following packages: CHN, O, and S.

Analysis package for solid recovered fuel (SRF) covering basic fuel properties and elemental composition. The following parameters are analyzed: Parameter Limit of reporting (LOR) Moisture content 0.5% Ash content (550°C) 0.1% Gross calorific value Q(V/gr/d) 0.5 MJ/kg Net calorific value Q(V/net/d) 0.5 MJ/kg CHNOS 0.1% Total chlorine (Cl) 0.01% Total fluorine (F) 0.01% Elements by ICP: As, Ba, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn, Tl, V, Zn 0.01–10 mg/kg DW Results are reported in the respective units on a dry weight basis where applicable.

Performance testing of filter units. Includes spiking and preparation procedures, operation of the filter, and chemical analysis of filtrate. The price shown includes all the following analyses: Pharmaceuticals removal efficiency (wide screening, 24 compounds)*, Phthalates removal efficiency (10 compounds), PFAS removal efficiency (20 compounds, EU Drinking Water & Water Framework Directives)*, PAH removal efficiency (7 compounds)*, Pesticides removal efficiency (157 compounds)*, Glyphosate, AMPA, glufosinate removal efficiency (3 compounds)*, Bisphenols removal efficiency (5 compounds)*, Metals and elements removal efficiency and leaching (Li, Be, B, Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Sr, Mo, Pd, Ag, Cd, Sn, Sb, Te, I, Ba, Hg, Tl, Pb, Bi, U)*, Microplastics removal efficiency (10–70 µm beads)*, Free chlorine removal efficiency, Fluorine removal efficiency. The analysis package can be customized as needed at a reduced price. Filter units operated by gravity (e.g., filter jugs) or pressure up to 2.4 bar can typically be tested with existing lab equipment. Filter units that require other equipment must arrive with all parts necessary to operate them. Return shipments of the filter units are not included but can be arranged and priced separately as needed. The lab is ISO/IEC 17025 accredited. * Measurements are accredited for drinking water samples

This analysis is used to determine the gross calorific value (the heating value) of a solid biofuel at constant volume and the reference temperature of 25°C in a bomb calorimeter calibrated by combustion of certified benzoic acid. The heating value (calorific value or energy value) of fuel is the amount of heat released during the combustion of a specified amount of it. The package includes the calorimetry measurement and the measurement of C, H, and N content, which are needed to calculate the results. Please note that this method is available only for solid biofuels. If you require testing for any other material, please contact Measurlabs experts.